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This study explores the granulation potential of four locally available materials clay, eggshells, ground maize, and lime by characterizing their chemical composition using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The objective is to assess their suitability for promoting anaerobic granule formation within biological treatment systems, particularly the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor. Elemental analysis revealed that several of these materials contain high concentrations of essential structuring elements such as iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and titanium (Ti), which play important roles in microbial aggregation and the development of stable anaerobic granules. Rather than performing experimental tests within a reactor, this study focuses exclusively on the detailed chemical characterization of these materials in order to predict their potential performance as support media for granulation. The findings contribute valuable insights into the selection of cost-effective, locally sourced materials that could enhance the efficiency and sustainability of anaerobic wastewater treatment processes, particularly in the context of treating hospital effluents.
